Artificial intelligence, the use of computer processes to infer and make decisions on information about the world that is not necessarily explicitly given, has been a hallmark of much of this decade. From word processors that went from simple spell check to office suites that now have a significant hand in the production process, from cruise control to self-driving vehicles, from halting speech recognition software to fully integrated video/audio concept recognition, AI and its related technologies have quietly but perhaps irrevocably changed our relationship with computers far more than most people realize.
Yet as the information revolution continues, the impacts that it is having upon our economy are now reaching an extent where most of the models that economists have formulated about how that economy works are being thrown out. We’re in terra incognita at this stage, and this, in turn, is forcing politicians, policy makers, economists, business leaders and everyday people to rethink many of the fundamental assumptions on which we base our notions of work, value and utility. Read More
Daily Archives: July 16, 2019
Should you build or buy AI?
Yes, the brain is a computer…
Neuroscience is a funny discipline which can demand a level of interdisciplinary knowledge that is hard to achieve. At its heart, neuroscience is concerned with understanding the organ that is responsible for generating our behaviour, and thus, it is a branch of physiology and psychology. At the same time, most neuroscientists will have heard, or even used, the words “calculate”, “algorithm”, and “computation” many times in their professional lives. I think there’s a good reason for this: the brain is a computer, and neuroscience is also branch of computer science, in my opinion. However, many neuroscientists do not see it that way.
In online discussions I have often read the phrase “The Brain as a Computer Metaphor”. The implication of this phrase is clear: the brain is not a computer, and at best, we can use computers as a metaphor to understand the brain. (At worst, the “metaphor” does not hold and should be abandoned.) Similarly, I have heard neuroscientists say things like, “neural circuits don’t truly run algorithms”. Again, the conclusion is clear: the brain doesn’t run any algorithms in reality, so our constant use of the words “algorithm” and “computer” when talking about the brain is misguided.
Unfortunately, what these discussions demonstrate is that many researchers do not, as a rule, actually understand the formal definitions of “computer” or “algorithm” as provided by computer science. (Or alternatively, if they do understand them, they don’t accept them for some reason.) If you understand the formal definitions of computer and algorithm as given by computer science, then you know that the brain is very clearly a computer running algorithms, almost trivially so. Read More
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