By now, most people have heard that quantum computing is a revolutionary technology that leverages the bizarre characteristics of quantum mechanics to solve certain problems faster than regular computers can. Those problems range from the worlds of mathematics to retail business, and physics to finance. If we get quantum technology right, the benefits should lift the entire economy and enhance U.S. competitiveness.
The promise of quantum computing was first recognized in the 1980s yet remains unfulfilled. Quantum computers are exceedingly difficult to engineer, build, and program. As a result, they are crippled by errors in the form of noise, faults, and loss of quantum coherence, which is crucial to their operation and yet falls apart before any nontrivial program has a chance to run to completion. Read More
Tag Archives: Quantum
How to factor 2048 bit RSA integers in 8 hours using 20 million noisy qubits
We significantly reduce the cost of factoring integers and computing discrete logarithms over finite fields on a quantum computer by combining techniques from Griffiths-Niu 1996, Zalka 2006,Fowler 2012, Eker ̊a-H ̊astad 2017, Eker ̊a 2017, Eker ̊a 2018, Gidney-Fowler 2019, Gidney 2019. We estimate the approximate cost of our construction using plausible physical assumptions for large-scale superconducting qubit platforms: a planar grid of qubits with nearest-neighbor connectivity,a characteristic physical gate error rate of 10−3, a surface code cycle time of 1 microsecond, and a reaction time of 10 microseconds. We account for factors that are normally ignored such as noise,the need to make repeated attempts, and the space time layout of the computation. When factoring2048 bit RSA integers, our construction’s space time volume is a hundredfold less than comparable estimates from earlier works (Fowler et al. 2012, Gheorghiu et al. 2019). In the abstract circuit model (which ignores overheads from distillation, routing, and error correction) our construction uses 3n+ 0.002nlgnlogical qubits, 0.3n3+ 0.0005n3lgnToffolis, and 500n2+n2lgnmeasurementdepth to factor n-bit RSA integers. We quantify the cryptographic implications of our work, both for RSA and for schemes based on the DLP in finite fields. Read More
Researchers want to revolutionise AI by combining Quantum computers and Neural Networks
A new research project led by researchers at the Heriot-Watt University in the US aims to harness the power of quantum computers, computers that can operate over 100 million times faster than today’s computers, to build a new type of “Quantum Neural Network” that the researchers say could usher in the next generation of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the first generation of Quantum Artificial Intelligence (QAI) – a type of AI that could have mind blowing implications for almost every industry on Earth. Read More
Quantum computing should supercharge this machine-learning technique
Certain machine-learning tasks could be revolutionized by more powerful quantum computers. Read More
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